This is the first part of a two-part post on the works of Spanish artist Antoni T�pies. T�pies was born in 1923 in Barcelona. His adolescence was disrupted by the Spanish Civil War and a serious illness that lasted two years. T�pies began to study law in Barcelona in 1944 but two years later decided instead to devote himself exclusively to art. He was essentially self-taught as a painter; the few art classes he attended left little impression on him. Shortly after deciding to become an artist, he began attending clandestine meetings of the Blaus, an iconoclastic group of Catalan artists and writers who produced the review Dau al Set.

T�pies�s early work was influenced by the art of Max Ernst, Paul Klee, and Joan Mir�, and by Eastern philosophy. His art was exhibited for the first time in the controversial Salo d�Octubre in Barcelona in 1948. He soon began to develop a recognisable personal style related to mati�re painting, or Art Informel, a movement that focused on the materials of art-making. The approach resulted in textural richness, but its more important aim was the exploration of the transformative qualities of matter. T�pies freely adopted bits of detritus, earth, and stone � mediums that evoke solidity and mass � in his large-scale works.

In 1950, his first solo show was held at the Galeries Laietanes, Barcelona, and he was included in the Carnegie International in Pittsburgh. That same year, the French government awarded T�pies a scholarship that enabled him to spend a year in Paris. His first solo show in New York was presented in 1953 at the gallery of Martha Jackson, who arranged for his work to be shown the following year in various galleries around the United States. During the 1950s and 1960s, T�pies exhibited in major museums and galleries throughout the United States, Europe, Japan, and South America. In 1966, he began his collection of writings, La practica de l�art. In 1969, he and the poet Joan Brossa published their book, Fr�goli; a second collaborative effort, Nocturn Matinal, appeared the following year. T�pies received the Rubens Prize of Siegen, Germany, in 1972.

Retrospective exhibitions were presented at the Mus�e National d�Art Moderne, Paris, in 1973 and at the Albright-Knox Art Gallery, Buffalo, New York, in 1977. The following year, he published his prize-winning autobiography, Mem�ria personal. In the early 1980s, he continued diversifying his mediums, producing his first ceramic sculptures and designing sets for Jacques Dupin�s play L�Eboulement. By 1992, three volumes of the catalogue raisonn� of T�pies�s work had been published. The following year, he and Cristina Iglesias represented Spain at the Venice Biennale, where his installation was awarded the Leone d�Oro. A retrospective exhibition was presented at the Galerie Nationale du Jeu de Paume, Paris, and the Guggenheim Museum SoHo, New York, in 1994-5. In 2000 the Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sof�a in Madrid also organised a major retrospective of the artist�s work. T�pies lives in Barcelona.

1957 Grey and Green Painting oil, epoxy resin, marble dust on canvas

1958 Gran Pintura oil & sand on canvas

1958 Grey Ochre oil, epoxy resin, marble dust on canvas

1959 Croix sur gris XCVIII mixed media on canvas laid on board

1959 Grey Relief on Black latex paint & marble dust on canvas

1960 Grey between Brackets oil & mixed media on board

1961 Gris Violace� aux Rides mixed media on canvas

1961 Relieve negro  perorado mixed media on canvas

1962 Ocre co^n trazos negros superores mixed media on canvas

1963 Large Matter with Lateral Papers mixed media

1964 Pintura mixed media on canvas

1968 Journal lithograph

1968 L'Enveloppe lithograph

1973 Foll lithograph

1974 Cartes per la Teresa (472) lithograph & collage

1975 L'arc etching & opaque white

1975 Llambrec Material lithograph

1976 Negre i roig III, Fora etching